Arts, Culture and Sport

**Literature** Canada has produced many celebrated writers. Lucy Maud Montgomery wrote Anne of Green Gables (1908), beloved around the world. Alice Munro won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2013. Other celebrated authors include Margaret Atwood, Michael Ondaatje, Mordecai Richler and Gabrielle Roy. **Visual arts** The Group of Seven (active 1920s-30s) developed a distinctly Canadian style of landscape painting. Emily Carr is celebrated for her paintings of Pacific Coast Indigenous culture. Inuit sculpture and printmaking are internationally recognized. **Music** Canada has produced many world-famous musicians including Céline Dion, Joni Mitchell, Neil Young, Drake, Justin Bieber, The Weeknd, Bryan Adams and Leonard Cohen. **Film and television** The National Film Board of Canada (NFB) was established in 1939. The CBC (Canadian Broadcasting Corporation) has served as Canada's national broadcaster since 1936. **Sport** Hockey is central to Canadian identity. The Grey Cup is the championship of the Canadian Football League (CFL). Canada hosted the Olympic Games in Montreal (1976), Calgary (1988) and Vancouver (2010). In 2010, Canada won 14 gold medals — the most ever won by any country at a Winter Olympics. **Famous Canadians** • **Alexander Graham Bell** — invented the telephone, did key work in Canada • **Dr. Frederick Banting** — co-discovered insulin (1921), won the Nobel Prize • **Tommy Douglas** — introduced Medicare; voted the Greatest Canadian in a 2004 CBC poll • **Terry Fox** — cancer patient who ran across Canada for cancer research; national hero • **Wayne Gretzky** — "The Great One," regarded as the greatest hockey player ever • **Roberta Bondar** — first Canadian woman in space (1992)